Background details of the resident to be assessed Address* Individual street addresses are not stored, but location data is used with 1 km accuracy for statistical purposes related to the test, in order to support the development of rescue department operations.
Finding the apartment Kysymys-1* Insufficient or poorly visible numbering of the house may significantly slow down the arrival of help in an emergency situation (e.g. ambulance or fire brigade). The numbering of the house must also be clearly visible in the dark. The apartments’ numbers must also be clearly visible.
Number of belongings outside the apartment Kysymys-2* A fire often starts on the outside of a building. Easily flammable material forms a risk of fire and it is therefore prohibited to be stored in the vicinity of the apartment. Easily flammable materials include, for example, piles of firewood, boats and building materials.
Accessibility in the yard area Kysymys-3* The slippery or obstructed access routes of a yard area cause a risk of falling or a risk of accidents. In a safe yard area, the access routes are easily accessible and they are salted during the winter. The lighting is sufficient. Studded shoes are used, if necessary.
Emergency exit safety Kysymys-4* It must always be possible to exit all of the apartment’s premises without obstruction. Exiting must also be possible in the dark and without the use of keys. There must be at least two exit routes at detached houses and terraced houses. Ensuring unobstructed exit saves lives and reduces the risk of injury, as you only have a few minutes to escape in a fire. Opening doors completely is essential for escape, so pay attention to the opening directions of the doors and make sure there are no obstacles in the way of opening the doors.
Kysymys-5* Apartment buildings must also have two exit routes, one of which is a balcony with a door that can be opened regardless of the season.
Amount of belongings in the apartment A large number of belongings in an apartment increases the risk of fire as well as the risk of falling and slipping over. The piling of flammable materials at home (for example, cardboard, newspapers, clothes, mattresses and pillows) is particularly dangerous.
Check one room of the apartment at a time, for example:
kitchen lounge bedroom sauna boiler room/technical spac storage room balcony Kysymys-6* Kysymys-7* Kysymys-8* Kysymys-9* Are so many items stored in the bathroom that washing is not possible?
Kysymys-10* Kysymys-11* Kysymys-12* Kysymys-13* Housing health also involves good and safe opportunities for washing.
Kysymys-14* Clean domestic water is also part of housing health. Clean and healthy water must be easily available for drinking and potential cooking
Handling fire Kysymys-15* The majority of apartment fires are related to the misuse of open fire, fireplaces and electrical devices, careless smoking, high consumption of alcohol or kitchen activities. Signs of a fire risk may include, for example, fire marks found inside the apartment or melted kitchen utensils. In addition to house fires, carelessly handled fireplaces are a potential risk of carbon monoxide hazards.
Functionality and use of electrical devices Kysymys-16* In Finland, more than one thousand building fires occur and their cause is electricity. An electricity fire usually shows signs in advance and will smoulder for some time before beginning to burn. A fire may be preceded by unusual operation of an electrical device (for example, the repeated interruption of a washing machine’s programme, a buzzing heard from a light, unusual sounds heard from a device, dark spots or a bad smell.) Flickering or dimming lights are also signs that there is a fault in the operation of the electrical device.
Other issues affecting safety Kysymys-17* The apartment must have at least one functional fire alarm per 60m² of each floor. The best level of safety is achieved when the fire alarm is installed at the centre of the ceiling in each room (except the kitchen and washrooms). In addition to the mandatory use of fire alarms, it is strongly recommended to install a carbon monoxide alarm in rooms where a fuel-powered appliance such as a fireplace, gas stove or other fireplace is used. A carbon monoxide alarm is not a substitute for a mandatory fire alarm, but the additional safety it provides can save lives. The instructions provided by the manufacturer are observed in the placement of the alarm.
The fire alarm is inspected by pressing the test button on the cover of the alarm for approximately five seconds. A working fire alarm will then let out an alarm sound. The alarm sound will end when the test button is released. When you acquire a fire alarm, use e.g. a felt tip pen to mark the purchase date of the alarm on the back. If the fire alarm is more than 10 years old, it is recommended to be replaced. Ensure that the resident can hear the sound of the fire alarm.
Kysymys-18* Safety devices and other aids are recommended to be introduced, when support is needed in everyday activities.
Safety devices include, for example
a safety phone or safety bracelet which can be used to alert help
hob guard which ensures that the hob plates are not forgotten on
a timed coffee machine which automatically turns the machine off after a certain time
a reminding medication dispenser.
Further instructions on questions related to safety devices and other aids are available on the website of the South Karelia Wellbeing Services County’s
www.ekhva.fi/en and at its offices.
Kysymys-19* Memory disorders and physical disabilities can make alerting help more difficult. Alerting help usually requires a phone to be available and that it can be used. In addition to a phone, other safety devices such as safety phones and bracelets can also provide support.
Kysymys-20* It must always be possible to exit all of the apartment’s premises without obstruction. Exiting must also be possible in the dark and without the use of keys. The resident’s physical capacity also affects exiting.
Kysymys-21* The support of the nearby environment and various services may play a significant role in coping with everyday life and safety.
For many people, the following parties play a significant role in making everyday life easier:
Family members
Wellbeing services county of South Karelia (home care)
Private service provider (for example, cleaning service, taxi service, care service…)
Organisation
Church
Neighbours or other relatives
Other operator
Kysymys-22* The resident’s ability to cope with everyday life and safety may weaken significantly in case of an interruption, for example, as the result of a wide-scale power cut or storm. In case of interruptions, services may be delayed or completely cancelled.
Housing health Kysymys-23* Toilet issues related to housing health. Coping with these issues can become more difficult, when everyday life is not managed in the familiar manner. Good toilet conditions enable the functionality and safety of everyday life.
Kysymys-24* The cleaning of the apartment affects both safety and comfortability. Accessibility in a tidy apartment is easy and the risks of accidents and health are reduced. A tidy apartment also provides a clear mind.
Kysymys-25* Good and safe housing includes a sufficiently warm apartment.
A suitable room temperature in an apartment is about 20–22 degrees. Both too low and too high indoor air temperature impair living comfort and can cause various health hazards, such as fatigue, irritation of mucous membranes, and muscle and joint pain. If wood heating is used, carrying firewood and heating the apartment should take place safely.
Kysymys-26* With this information, we have an overall image of electrically heated apartments, if e.g. any electricity distribution problems occur.
Kysymys-27*